Maharloo Lake, a seasonal salt lake in Iran, is featured in this image captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission. Maharloo sits at an altitude of around 1,400 meters above sea level and is located around 27 kilometers southeast of Shiraz, in southwest Iran.

The Netherlands has long been shaped by floods and by efforts to hold back the sea.

Décollage champ large, le 16/08/2021. | Wide view lift-off. 08/16/2021. On Aug. 16, 2021, Vega lifted off from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on flight VV19 to deliver into two separate Sun-synchronous orbits the Earth observation satellite Pléiades Neo-4 and four auxiliary payloads: SunStorm, RadCube and LEDSAT developed through ESA, and BRO-4. Image Credit: ESA/CNES/Arianespace-JM Guillon

Russia has the largest area of forest on the planet, with more than a fifth of the world’s trees. A new study, led by Russian scientists using data from ESA’s Climate Change Initiative, produced new estimates of biomass contained in Russian forests, and confirms that the vast forested area is storing more carbon than previously estimated. The study, published last month in Nature Scientific Reports, estimates that Russian forests contain 111 billion cubic metres of wood as of 2014, which equates to 39 percent higher than the value reported to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The study uses satellite-based maps of forest biomass, produced by ESA’s Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Biomass project, combined with Russian ground-based measurements, such as data from the National Forest Inventory and the ESA-supported Forest Observation System, to obtain more accurate figures of carbon stored in forests. Remote-sensing studies have already indicated increases in vegetation productivity and tree cover during the past decades. Yet Russia has reported almost no change in growing stock (+ 1.8%) and biomass (+ 0.6%) since the collapse of the Soviet Union and transition to a new forest inventory system. This new estimate is in line with the results from the National Forest Inventory, but expands its capacity in terms of spatial and temporal representation. It is expected to have a major impact on how Russia reports its forest carbon stock. Image Credit: ESA (data source: CCI Biomass project)